The Atlas identifies different "evolution pathways" where forests recover at varying rates depending on local soil and climate.
Currently, the story has entered a new chapter: . As traditional agriculture is abandoned, the "Atlas Forestal" tracks the progressive evolution of shrublands back into dense woodlands. Atlas Forestal
By analyzing charcoal and wood remains in sites like "Las Quintanas," researchers have reconstructed forest changes dating back to the Celtiberian and Roman eras (5th century BC to 1st century AD). 3. The Modern Rebound: Abandonment and Evolution By analyzing charcoal and wood remains in sites
This recovery helps with carbon storage and provides environmental services, though it often lacks the full biodiversity of the ancient "deep story" forests due to the dominance of specific species like the beech tree , which casts a deep shadow that can exclude other species. Reconstructing forest history from archaeological data Reconstructing forest history from archaeological data