Deleuze challenges us to look at the process before the object exists. In his view, reality is built on virtual "Ideas" that are composed of differential relations and singular points. These singularities are not yet physical objects, but they contain the genetic, virtual power that produces physical, actualized differences in the world. 3. Repetition: A Creative Force
In Difference and Repetition , Gilles Deleuze launches a radical critique of Western metaphysics, arguing that philosophy has historically subordinated "difference" to "identity" and "representation." Deleuze proposes a reversal of this structure, advocating for an ontology where difference exists in-itself, independent of pre-defined concepts or subjects. By analyzing repetition not as a mechanical return of the same, but as a productive force creating novelty, this paper outlines how Deleuze shifts focus from being to becoming , from representations to intensive singularities. 1. Introduction: The Crisis of Representation
The intrinsic, intensive, and productive power of "becoming". Difference and Repetition
True repetition produces a new difference each time.
Deleuze argues that the "eternal return" is not a cycle of identical events, but a mechanism where only the difference returns, producing something new every time it repeats. 4. The Three Syntheses of Time Deleuze challenges us to look at the process
A shallow, extrinsic view where difference is only perceived when comparing two already-formed entities (e.g., A is not B).
To explain how difference is repeated, Deleuze outlines three "syntheses of time" that build upon one another: To explain how difference is repeated
His primary objective is to liberate difference from these constraints, allowing it to be thought as a dynamic force rather than merely the lack of sameness. 2. "Difference in Itself" vs. "Difference between Objects" Deleuze distinguishes between two types of difference: