Explosive — Fuel-air

This creates a that lasts significantly longer than conventional "point-source" explosions, making it far more destructive to structures and unarmored personnel. Performance vs. Conventional Explosives Fuel-Air Explosive (FAE) Conventional (TNT) Energy Source Uses atmospheric oxygen Carries internal oxidizer Energy Release 7.9–11.3 kcal/g (Propylene Oxide/Decane) 1.1 kcal/g Blast Profile Slower, sustained pressure wave Rapid, high-intensity shock Efficiency High energy-to-weight ratio Lower relative energy Lethality and Physical Effects

A small primary charge bursts the container, aerosolizing the fuel (liquid or solid particles) into a massive cloud that mixes with the surrounding air. fuel-air explosive

Once the cloud reaches an optimal concentration—often between 186–275 g/m³ for common fuels—a second charge detonates the mixture. This creates a that lasts significantly longer than

FAEs typically operate through a "two-stage" detonation process: sustained pressure wave Rapid

FAEs are notorious for their effectiveness in like bunkers, tunnels, and caves, where the fuel cloud can flow around corners before igniting.