The classification of learning strategies provides a framework for understanding how different mental operations contribute to proficiency. Two primary models dominate the field:
: This model categorizes strategies into three hierarchical tiers: Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition
: Rebecca Oxford, in her seminal work Language Learning Strategies , divided strategies into Direct (Memory, Cognitive, and Compensation) and Indirect (Metacognitive, Affective, and Social). This model is widely used via the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) . 2. The Cognitive Engine: Processing and Compensation divided strategies into Direct (Memory
: High-level processes used for planning, monitoring, and evaluating the learning process. and Compensation) and Indirect (Metacognitive