Under King Carol I, Romania entered a period of relative stability and rapid economic development focused on infrastructure, such as the national railway system.
: On December 30, 1947 , King Michael was forced to abdicate at gunpoint. The People's Republic of Romania was proclaimed, ending 81 years of Hohenzollern rule and marking the beginning of four decades of Communist rule. România, 1866–1947
: Despite industrial growth, the rural population suffered under a repressive land ownership system, leading to a massive uprising that was violently suppressed by the army, highlighting deep social inequalities. 3. The First World War and "Greater Romania" (1914–1927) Under King Carol I, Romania entered a period
: Following Carol I's death in 1914, Ferdinand I led the country through the war and was crowned King of all Romanians in 1922. 4. Political Turmoil and the Second World War (1930–1944) : Despite industrial growth, the rural population suffered
On August 23, 1944, as Soviet forces approached, to overthrow Antonescu, switching Romania to the Allied side.